xaxam | Shakespeare about Jews whom he never saw

Mistery of the national character

By the time Shakespeare (1564-1623) wrote his plays which represent Jews as distinctly negative, there was no Jewish presense on the British soil for already 300 years, since the Expulsion in 1290: the Jews were readmitted to England only in 1655 by Cromwell. The modern British antisemitism is therefore of a different nature compared to what can be observed in other places. A possible explanation is given by Ashley Perry in JPost:

The British consider themselves the height of civilization, the founders of democracy and the force that brought culture to much of the world. However, there is one people that has lived with the British for many years, reminding them that their civilization is relatively new.
A good example of this was a retort by prime minister Benjamin Disraeli to an anti-Semitic remark aimed at him in the House of Commons: "When the right honorable gentlemen's ancestors were savages on an unknown Island, mine were priests in the Temple of Solomon," Disraeli responded. I do believe that this rankles the British upper and literary social set, which finds its manifestations in the so-called chattering classes. A few years ago Penelope Wyatt reported in the Spectator the remark of a peer in her upper-middle class social milieu: "Thank God, we can once again say what we want about the Jews."
While in most Western countries anti-Semitism is usually the bastion of the underprivileged and those from the lower-socioeconomic classes, in Britain its strongest protagonists are to be found at the opposite end of the social spectrum.

Yet there are similar phenomena which beg for a different explanation. Spain, practically Judenrein for almost 400 years (1492-1858), still is distinctively anti-semitic, and also to a very large extent in the chattering classes.

On the other extreme: a friend of mine in the late eighties of the last century carried out the first unrigged sociologicall polls for the Zaslavskaya Institute among the Taimyr Eskimo (Chukcha). Over 80% of them answered affirmatively to the question "Do you blame Jews for the current economic state of the Soviet Union?", while the next question, "Are you personally familiar with someone of Jewish nationality", was answered negatively by practically all (not suprisingly).

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An unhyphenated people
by Ashley Perry, Jun. 14, 2006

People often ask me where my family is from. I reply Britain, and they invariably ask me where my grandparents came from, and I reply again, Britain. Sometimes they will ask where my great-grandparents or great-great-grandparents came from and the reply is still Britain.

This answer is usually met with incredulity as most assume that Anglo-Jewry is in the main no more than two or three generations old and has its origins in Eastern Europe. When I tell these same people that I am in fact 17th-generation British, I am met with disbelieving and astonished looks.

The fact is my family has been in Britain for 350 years and, unlike most of Anglo-Jewry today, we are Sephardim (Jews of Spanish and Portuguese ancestry). My ancestors were admitted to England shortly after the English Civil War, when the Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell, having won a raging battle against the Monarchists, needed financiers to reinvigorate the war-torn English economy.

Rabbi Menassah Ben Israel of the Amsterdam community petitioned Cromwell to readmit Jews to a land which had not officially seen a Jew in over 360 years. Cromwell accepted the petition but only after a heated exchange with those who sought to prevent Jews from being readmitted.

The first Jewish community in Britain for centuries consisted of no more than a handful of families who arrived from the thriving Sephardi Jewish community in Amsterdam to try their luck in London. After a few more years and the addition of new families, the first synagogue was built, namely Bevis Marks, which still stands, although sadly under-used, in the City of London.

My rich Sephardi-Anglo background, with its honorary titles and coats-of-arms, leaves me somewhat divided. While on the one hand I am proud of what British Jewry has achieved, on the other I am saddened by what being British has made the Jews.

"Britishness" is a hotly debated subject in those Isles today; many are asking what British means and how one attains this appellation. As opposed to some other parts of the world, it is not done to apply an adjective to your nationality. You cannot be "African-British" or "Asian-British." It is far more simple than that, you are either British, or you are not.

UNLIKE MOST other minorities, Jews can hide all elements of their heritage and become "British." This has led to a quandary for many Jews, especially in this generation. Jews no longer want to be outsiders in any way, and with help from a certain amount of antipathy they have morphed into the British cultural and social landscape with few, if any, discernible characteristics.

British Jews, unlike their American counterparts, have anglicized their names and their customs. My father and grandfather both felt it necessary to change their name from the foreign-sounding Pereira-Perez to Perry as they went off to fight "Johnny-Foreigner" in the two world wars.

Anglo-Jewry has literally had to take its kippa off its head, as Chief Rabbi Jonathan Sacks suggested due to security concerns a few years ago.

I have my own personal opinions as to why British mistrust and suspicion of the Jews is so different and perhaps at a higher social level than most other forms of world-wide anti-Semitism.

The British consider themselves the height of civilization, the founders of democracy and the force that brought culture to much of the world. However, there is one people that has lived with the British for many years, reminding them that their civilization is relatively new.

A good example of this was a retort by prime minister Benjamin Disraeli to an anti-Semitic remark aimed at him in the House of Commons: "When the right honorable gentlemen's ancestors were savages on an unknown Island, mine were priests in the Temple of Solomon," Disraeli responded.

FOR THE BRITISH, who like to look down their noses at most nations in the world, there is one people among them who constantly remind them of their humble beginnings. I do believe that this rankles the British upper and literary social set, which finds its manifestations in the so-called chattering classes.

A few years ago Penelope Wyatt reported in the Spectator the remark of a peer in her upper-middle class social milieu: "Thank God, we can once again say what we want about the Jews."

While in most Western countries anti-Semitism is usually the bastion of the underprivileged and those from the lower-socioeconomic classes, in Britain its strongest protagonists are to be found at the opposite end of the social spectrum.

As Anglo-Jewry celebrates 350 years since its readmittance, I look back on my own familial Anglo-Jewish narrative with a mixture of pride, interest, and a heavy dose of consternation. Anglo-Jewry faces an uncertain future as it struggles for its own identity.

As for me, I have made my choice. From my side of the family, at least, there will not be an 18th British generation. I have returned to Israel, where my roots extend far deeper than those of my sojourn in the British Isles.

UPD. Just another example...